Many publically owned treatment works (POTWs) in the USA are increasingly required to comply with more and more stringent effluent nutrient criteria; in particular for nitrogen (either as ammonia or…
Municipalities evaluating beneficial reuse options for biosolids, such as land application contracts and landfill cover operations, may want to add another option to the list–buying agricultural land expressly for biosolids…
Efficient, high-rate sludge application to soils at the Sacramento Regional Wastewater Treatment Plant (SRWTP) site at Sacramento, California, has been conducted over the past decade. Since 1983, the quality of…
In 1989, the Metropolitan Wastewater Management Commission (MWMC) of Eugene/Springfield, Oregon, put their new sledge management facilities into operation. Designed to serve a population of over 2000,000, the facility uses…
Increasingly stringent regulatory discharge limits intensify the difficulty of maintaining cost-effective high strength food processing wastewater treatment. This paper outlines how a poultry processor faced the challenge of facility growth…
Sludge disposal methods take many forms. This paper describes sludge-only land disposal methods, their primary features, and typical current requirements for control measures needed to meet environmental standards of the…
Food processing wastewater land application has been traditionally controlled by hydraulic loading rates, BOD loading rates or nitrogen loading rates. Recently the regulatory agencies in California have begun to restrict…
A rational method based on oxygen diffusion is proposed as an alternative to numeric BOD loading limits for land application. The rational method determines management parameters, such as cycle time…
An investigation of vadose water following the application of food processing wastewater was completed during the summer of 2001. Vadose water was measured from a raisin producer utilizing sprinkler irrigation…
A field investigation of land application of tomato process water was conducted in the Central Valley of California. The purpose of the field investigation was to determine the percolate water…
The King County biosolids recycling program was initiated in the early 1970s after the passage of the Clean Water Act, which prohibited disposal of wastewater solids in water bodies. Like…
Over the past 10 years, the concerns regarding the land application and beneficial reuse of biosolids in the United States have risen to the forefront of environmental and public focus….